Water treatment refers to the process of changing the composition of its contents through man-made or natural phenomena.
Artificial water treatment can be divided into the treatment of natural water for human use, and the treatment of waste water after human use into nature.
The treatment methods include physical treatment and chemical treatment.
Water Treatment include below process
The water treatment process includes many operations like Pre-treatment ，Flocculation and sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, etc.
>Coagulation/Pre-treatment
As the raw water enters the treatment plant, we add a chemical called coagulant to the water. The coagulant helps to stick particles together in the water. Rapid mixing helps this coagulation process. To get the pH level right, sometimes we add pH correction chemicals, such as an acid or alkali.
Such as Aluminium sulphate /ferric sulphate/Polyalumium Chloride are the most commonly used coagulants
>Flocculation
Flocculation follows the coagulation step. Flocculation is the gentle mixing of the water to form larger, heavier particles called flocs. Often, water treatment plants will add additional chemicals during this step to help the flocs form.
Such as Polyalumium Chloride /Polyacrylamide are the most commonly used Flocculants
>Sedimentation
The water then enters a large settlement tank. The tank fills slowly from the bottom, allowing the floc particles to settle and form a sludge blanket.
We drain the sludge blanket off regularly in small amounts. This is to make sure that the sludge blanket doesn’t rise to the top of the tank.
>Filtration
Once the flocs have settled to the bottom of the water, the clear water on top is filtered to separate additional solids from the water. During filtration, the clear water passes through filters that have different pore sizes and are made of different materials (such as sand, gravel, and charcoal). These filters remove dissolved particles and germs, such as dust, chemicals, parasites, bacteria, and viruses. Activated carbon filters also remove any bad odors.
>Disinfection
After the water has been filtered, water treatment plants may add one or more chemical disinfectants (such as chlorine, chloramine, or chlorine dioxide) to kill any remaining parasites, bacteria, or viruses. To help keep water safe as it travels to homes and businesses, water treatment plants will make sure the water has low levels of the chemical disinfectant when it leaves the treatment plant. This remaining disinfectant kills germs living in the pipes between the water treatment plant and your tap.
Such as :sodium dichloroisocyanurate(SDIC), Chlorine dioxide
After below process, the water has finished the treatment process, we pump it to a reservoir, which is usually on high ground. We use reservoirs to store treated water and release it into the water network. The drinking water flows through mains pipes in the network before it passes through a service pipe and into your home.
